Japan Case Study Contrast

Different approaches, different outcomes

⚠️

Kushiro Wetland Area

Conflict scenario

Context

Solar park near wetland

Stakeholder engagement

Limited early consultation

Ecological outcome

Threatened endangered crane and salamander habitat

Community response

National controversy, strong opposition

Result

Policy backlash, damaged public trust

✓

Gifu Prefecture

Success scenario

Context

Solar park near wetland

Stakeholder engagement

Repeated negotiations with residents

Ecological outcome

Wetland preserved, OECM certified (2024)

Community response

Stewardship group, education programs

Result

Model for replication, dual benefits achieved

Key lesson: Early stakeholder engagement can transform renewable energy from conflict to collaboration

Sources: 山下・Doedt (2026), IRENA Nature-Positive Energy Principles (2025) Box 11